[8] These wildebeest are rarely found at altitudes over 1,800–2,100 m (5,900–6,900 ft). [106] According to World Food Programme, over two million people are facing starvation because of the recent droughts the country is going through. However, nine of 15 countries on the UN council opposed it, including Vietnam, South Africa, and Libya, which argued that Zimbabwe was not a 'threat to international peace and security. This is to ensure that newborn calves have the highest chance of survival as well as gaining the most nutritious milk. A representative of the organisation declined to speculate on how the money was spent, except that it was not for the intended purpose, and the government has failed to honour requests to return the money. [91], In January 2007, the government issued long-term leases to some white farmers. The HIV infection rate in Zimbabwe was estimated to be 14% for people aged 15–49 in 2009. [14] Another study reported an increase in the size of the hybrid as compared to either of its parents. [citation needed] A potpourri of peanuts known as nzungu, boiled and sundried maize, black-eyed peas known as nyemba, and bambara groundnuts known as nyimo makes a traditional dish called mutakura. [172], Tourism was an important industry for the country, but has been failing in recent years. [21] While males weigh up to 290 kg (640 lb), females seldom exceed 260 kg (570 lb). Calves weigh about 19 kg (42 lb) at birth, and can usually stand on their own within a few minutes of birth. [119], In 1987 then-prime minister Mugabe revised the constitution, abolishing the ceremonial presidency and the prime ministerial posts to form an executive president, a Presidential system. His ZANU party has won every election since independence, in the 1990 election the second-placed party, Edgar Tekere's Zimbabwe Unity Movement, obtained 20% of the vote. Wards are subdivided into villages, each of which has an elected Village Development Committee and a Headman (traditional leader subordinate to the kraalhead). [224] UNESCO reported a decline in HIV prevalence among pregnant women from 26% in 2002 to 21% in 2004.[225]. Among the distinctive qualities are symmetrically patterned woven baskets and stools carved out of a single piece of wood. (eds. [166] They have the potential to improve the fiscal situation of the country considerably, but almost all revenues from the field have disappeared into the pockets of army officers and ZANU–PF politicians. [317] The Zimbabwe Women's Lawyers Association is an organisation that is assisting the implementation of the legal framework, as defined in the 2013 constitution, to help women. As a result of the Internal Settlement, elections were held in April 1979, concluding with the United African National Council (UANC) carrying a majority of parliamentary seats. Despite the existence of a "willing-buyer-willing-seller" land reform programme since the 1980s, the minority white Zimbabwean population of around 0.6% continued to hold 70% of the country's most fertile agricultural land. The authorities in Zimbabwe used force to disperse and arrest nurses and health workers, who were peacefully protesting for better salaries and work conditions. Education in Zimbabwe became under threat since the economic changes in 2000 with teachers going on strike because of low pay, students unable to concentrate because of hunger and the price of uniforms soaring making this standard a luxury. [125], The run-off was scheduled for 27 June 2008. In addition, the lack of co-ordination and coherence among governance structures has led to a multiplication of research priorities and poor implementation of existing policies. [24], According to Mawema, black nationalists held a meeting in 1960 to choose an alternative name for the country, proposing names such as "Matshobana" and "Monomotapa" before his suggestion, "Zimbabwe", prevailed. [240] Some 3,000,000 of these left for South Africa and Botswana.[241]. Leopards are distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa and are one of the few big game species still found outside national parks. The Ministry of Education of Zimbabwe maintains and operates the government schools but the fees charged by independent schools are regulated by the cabinet of Zimbabwe. It is not uncommon for tea to be had after dinner. [5] The generic name Connochaetes derives from the Greek words κόννος, kónnos, "beard", and χαίτη, khaítē, "flowing hair", "mane". Former President Robert Mugabe's Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (commonly abbreviated ZANU–PF) has been the dominant political party in Zimbabwe since independence. [159], Zimbabwe has a centralised government and is divided into eight provinces and two cities with provincial status, for administrative purposes. [320] A 10-year extension is being considered to this mandate as it is only law until 2022 and equal representation according to population distribution has not yet been achieved. The life expectancy has halved, and death from politically motivated violence sponsored by government exceeds 200,000 since 1980. The majority people, the Shona, comprise 70%. [313], Zimbabwean women face cultural and social adversity in their professional lives which impacts their educational attainment, professional development, and advancement. Societies speaking proto-Shona languages first emerged in the middle Limpopo valley in the 9th century before moving on to the Zimbabwean highlands. More than 22% of Zimbabwean tertiary students were completing their degrees abroad in 2012, compared to a 4% average for sub-Saharan Africa as a whole. [229][failed verification], Minority ethnic groups include white Zimbabweans, who make up less than 1% of the total population. 15. Among members of the white minority community, Theatre has a large following, with numerous theatrical companies performing in Zimbabwe's urban areas.[257]. [32], An ancient carved slab of slate depicting an animal very similar to the blue wildebeest has been discovered. They can also spread ticks, lungworms, tapeworms, flies and paramphistome flukes. Given the country's solid knowledge base and abundant natural resources, Zimbabwe has the potential to figure among the countries leading growth in sub-Saharan Africa by 2020. Dark brown, vertical stripes mark the area between the neck and the back of the ribcage,[25] thus giving it the name "brindled gnu". [citation needed], General elections were again held in Zimbabwe on 30 March 2008. Only further research will resolve the issue", "Breaking the Silence, Building True Peace", "REPORT ON THE 1980s DISTURBANCES IN MATABELELAND & THE MIDLANDS", Catholic Commission for Justice and Peace in Zimbabwe, "Voting for Democracy: A Study of Electoral Politics in Zimbabwe", "Zimbabwe: ZANU PF hegemony and its breakdown (1990–1999)", "In Zimbabwe Land Takeover, a Golden Lining", "Council Common Position renewing restrictive measures against Zimbabwe", "Zimbabwe Suspended Indefinitely from Commonwealth", "Commonwealth website confirms Zimbabwe "terminated" its membership with effect from 7 December 2003", "Text of S. 494 (107th): Zimbabwe Democracy and Economic Recovery Act of 2001 (Passed Congress/Enrolled Bill version)", "Searching for fuel and other tales from Zimbabwe", "Zimbabwe: Housing policy built on foundation of failures and lies – Amnesty International", "China and Russia veto Zimbabwe sanctions", "Russia and China veto U.N. Zimbabwe sanctions", "Carter warns situation appears dire in Zimbabwe", "A case study of Non-Governmental Organisations' (NGOS) responses to food insecurity in Matabeleland, Zimbabwe", Changing Perceptions in Zimbabwe – Nationwide Survey of the Political Climate in Zimbabwe November 2010 – January 2011, OCHA in 2012–2013: Plan and Budget: Zimbabwe, "Mugabe deputy John Nkomo dies after cancer battle", "Zimbabweans start voting to adopt new constitution", "Zimbabwe election: A guide to rigging allegations", "As the House Burns, Whither the Zimbabwean Opposition? ", Southern Rhodesia (Annexation) Order in Council, 30 July 1923 which provided by section 3 thereof: "From and after the coming into operation of this Order the said territories shall be annexed to and form part of His Majesty's Dominions, and shall be known as the Colony of Southern Rhodesia.
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