Skip to content

toyota dual case oil weight

You can easily predict the behavior as well as the design of a mechanical system if you have detailed knowledge of oil viscosity. Unfortunately, the options for this specific weight are limited including OEM and some third party products. These numbers are usually defined as oil weights. Your order may be eligible for Ship to Home, and shipping is free on all online orders of $35.00+. Here is the info out of the FSM. Heavy oil causes drag and horsepower loss. Whenever you are out there in search of a motor oil, check for a brand that has the ideal SAE viscosity rating and API certification. However, this is not the same as the similar SAE system for engine oil viscosity, SAE J300. Although gear oil viscosity is not the same as that of engine oil, it is rated in centistokes. Order Motor Oil - Vehicle Specific for your 2002 Toyota Tacoma and pick it up in store—make your purchase, find a store near you, and get directions. Toyota's 3.5-liter V6 gasoline engine for transverse mounting was introduced in 2004. If a specific engine oil passes at the SAE specifications for 5W and 10W and fails to pass for 0W, the oil is then branded as SAE 5W. Always confirm if your vehicle is still under warranty. The numbers are commonly assigned in ranges of 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50. Good article, I have owned a Foreign car repair shop for 45 years. An extract oil from naphthenic would show a larger rate of oil viscosity change with temperature compared to an extract oil from a paraffin crude. 0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic. This ability to resist change in viscosity as the oil heats up is referred to as viscosity index. Toyota and Lexus require LX fluid in most late-model limited slip differential applications, like the 2010 + AWD LS460. Re: Fluid Capacity for tranny and dual cases?? Toyota Oil Filter. Improved thermal stability. The SAE classification for multi-viscosity oil consists of two viscosity grades, such as viscosity SAE 10W-30. I was asked by a friend who just bought a 2020 Suburban to tow a large house Every oil can you will come across is marked with a viscosity grade number. Toyota Pickup/4Runner Tech 1979-95, Started by Glen1978 Work will continue to … SAE J300 defines the two numbers that are used for single viscosity oils. Motor oils that work better in cold weather are usually the ones with a lower digit after the “W” or winter grade. This replaces the plastic filter cap that I guess can be stripped easily. The aforementioned high mileage engine oils are the top three in our suggestion list, but of course, there are others you can consider out there. For instance, an SAE 90 gear lube is comparable in viscosity to an SAE 50 or SAE 40 engine oil. The American Petroleum Institute (API) service ratings are related to automobile warranty standards. Available with 21 or 23 spline input and output gears. GM Original Equipment™ Auto Trak II Transfer Case Fluid, 1.05 Quart by ACDelco®. Additives prevent corrosion and oxidation, reduce friction, limit wear, and prevent foaming. Usually, oil thins out when heated because it becomes thinner, its viscosity number becomes lower. Oil viscosity differs from one lubricant to another with respect to temperature. We take out my Toyota Pickup for a shake down run to see what we need to improve upon/ first time wheeling it after buying it back a few weeks ago. … Originally created in 1994, the Marlin Crawler Dual Case Adapter has come a long way since its introduction as the MC01. I believe 3 quarts of oil in the trans/ 2 for the transfer case/ 1 for the new crawl box. The values of viscosity index are usually found on most data sheets of products for commercially sold lubricants in the market. It does a remarkable job of reducing overall wear of high mileage engine, and also reduces oil consumption of the engine. In this case, the viscosity index is a method of applying a numerical value to this rate of change. I have found that the manufacturer recommendations are seldom correct. This oil also contains seal conditioners, which helps keep engine seals in good condition. Using different oil viscosity numbers other than the recommended may invalidate the warranty on a new vehicle. Although gear oils and engine oils use different SAE numbering systems, the viscosities that the two systems specify overlap. It uses a dual overhead cam with four valves per cylinder for a total of 16 valves. toyota t-cases with a jeep tranny to get a dual setup on the t-cases? The “W” in the gear oil viscosity grade is for winter grade, like in engine oil viscosity. This is a new classification that was approved on November 2017. If the weight or viscosity is too low the oil will grow too thin and wear will appear on the metal surfaces of a machine. Single viscosity oils are normally referred to straight weight oils. The viscosity index value may appear as a simple number, but you are strongly urged to consider it when shopping for motor oil. ... Mobil 1 (8) Pennzoil (4) STP (4) STP Bulk Oil (1) Valvoline (4) Show less. 0-20 is for fuel efficiency and selling you a new car at The SAE classification (SAE J300) has proven 11 viscosity grades. Based on the winter grades, the lower the number, and the lower is the temperature a given oil can pass. Below find the answer to what fluid do I need. Related Posts. Jeep Tech, Started by 79-83earlyota Oil viscosity is the parameter that plays an important role in lubrication. With a fuel consumption of 6.8 litres/100km - 42 mpg UK - 35 mpg US (Average), 0 to 100 km/h (62mph) in 13.2 seconds, a maximum top speed of 106 mph (170 km/h), a curb weight of 4586 lbs (2080 kgs), the HiLux 2019 Double-Cab 2.4 D-4D 4WD has a turbocharged Inline 4 cylinder engine, Diesel motor. The relationship between the viscosities of fluid at 40 degrees Celsius and 100 degrees Celsius is the viscosity index. The initial viscosities were all single, such as SAE 30. Toyota Pickup/4Runner Tech 1979-95, Started by Bambino840 You will save yourself the trouble of draining all the old oil out of your engine before replacing it with another brand. Improves fuel economy. The ToyBox is more than just a dual case adapter. The information provided is based, in most cases, on the original OEM specifications. Normally a forward shift case is used with a forward shift transmission. Volume: 1.05 Quart. … The 3ZR version became successor for the 1AZ engines.The 3ZR-FE engine is used mostly in front-wheel drive vehicles such as Toyota Corolla, Avensis, and 2WD RAV4. Others are thick, such as the ones used in differentials. When cars were first engineered, they required API SA, from there they progressed to SB then SC followed by SD and others. Read More . To build a dual transfer case, two reductions boxes are bolted back to back with a dual case adapter. The presence of a starburst symbol on a motor oil simply means that the motor oil satisfies the current fuel economy requirements and engine protection standard of ILSAC. In the transfer case, you can use pretty much anything you want, it is not a synchro-mesh design, so it is OK to use either GL-4 or GL-5 oil. This particular oil helps to protect engine parts from wearing for up to 500,000 miles. ?. I have a dual case setup with an Inchworm crawl box and will be changing the oil in it either tonight or later this week. If you have a worn out engine and you have been running 30 weight oil or 40 weight oil, then a multi-viscosity oil will not be reliably thick enough to grease the worn out parts of the engine that are wearing down. Their oil weights & change intervals are both wrong for the variable timing system & is the reason why they fail. Complete advice for all components, such as the engine, gearbox (transaxle), brake system, power steering system and cooling system. Corolla E210 (2019-2021) Engine: Unit: Capacity: Change Interval: Oil type: Corolla 1.8 Hybrid: Transaxle, CVT: 3,6 L: Change 60000 miles/ 72 months: Original oil After years of working as both an automotive journalist and a Ford factory technician, to say I live and breathe the automotive world could still be considered an understatement. In other words, the viscosity index is a measure of the extent of viscosity change with temperature. Between a straight weight and a multi-weight oil, the latter is known to be suitable for a range of temperatures. Some gear oils are thin, such as the ones used in automatic transmissions. The Xtreme Duty 4.70:1 turned the Low Range gear world up-side-down, and now it is time for the world's #1 most popular dual case adapter kit to do the same. In 2007, Toyota introduced a 2.0-liter four-cylinder gasoline engine, which came out of the ZR series. An additive package comprising polymers is blended into the oil. 0W-20 (21) This is a test. Oil viscosity is graded by measuring the time it takes for a standard amount of oil to flow. It has a bore of 3.48 inches and a 3.78-inch stroke and a compression ratio of 9.8:1. Later on, oil additive technology was introduced by the manufacturers that allow engine oil viscosity to thin at a slower rate. This is our Rubicon proven ToyBox dual transfer case low range gear reduction system. Quantity: 1 Bottle. As earlier mentioned, SAE stands for Society of Automotive Engineers. If the number is high, the oil is thicker and can help protect the engine as it gets hotter. 2014 Toyota Camry Engine Oil; 2014 Toyota Camry Engine Oil. Six of them are recognized as winter grades with a “W” designation. Motor oils are rated as well as identified by their viscosities. Engine oil Dry fill 8.0 liters (8.5 US qts, 7.0 Imp. What kind of oil does your owner’s manual recommend? Here is another interpretation of how to read oil viscosity (SAE 10W-30), 10W = the viscosity of the oil when measured at 0 degrees Fahrenheit (the “W” means winter grade), 30 = the viscosity of the oil when measured at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. Apart from the SAE viscosity grades, you should also look for the API service classification. 100k. The oil used in manual transmissions must remain fluid enough to allow for easy shifting in cold weather. With over twenty-seven years experience, we build the strongest and most reliable Toyota dual case adapters in the World. ... Mobil 1 (8) Pennzoil (4) STP (4) STP Bulk Oil (1) Valvoline (4) Show less. A multi-graded oil is labeled with only the lowest W graded satisfied. The 2GR-FE replaced the previous 1MZ-FE V6 and legendary inline six 2JZ engines.The new engine very soon became a popular choice for mass-produced Toyota's vehicle such as Toyota Camry, Toyota Rav4, and Highlander. When the lubricant film fails, wear occurs. Gear driven cases use the input gear and low range gears to throw oil on the inside of the housing that collects the oil via gutters and directs it to the rear of the case by gravity. qts) Drain and refill w/ Oil filter change 7.4 liters (7.8 US qts, 6.5 Imp. 10% OFF $75. Oil Chart Manual Transmission. This lower viscosity oil pumps better when cold, yet provides uniform lubrication, reduced friction and better overall efficiency than conventional engine oil. Therefore, if you purchase an engine oil that features API SA rating, then you will be buying an oil that was manufactured for automobiles designed in the 1920s. With a fuel consumption of 6.8 litres/100km - 42 mpg UK - 35 mpg US (Average), 0 to 100 km/h (62mph) in 13.2 seconds, a maximum top speed of 106 mph (170 km/h), a curb weight of 4586 lbs (2080 kgs), the HiLux 2019 Double-Cab 2.4 D-4D 4WD has a turbocharged Inline 4 cylinder engine, Diesel motor. trailer, when to change the oil and what weight. This is the same Redline gear oil that the majority of local dealership use. Transfer Case Lengths: Gear Drive T/case from front face to rear flange face: 14" (apprx) Gear Drive T/case from front face to front flange face: 1.75" (apprx) Marlin Crawler Dual Case Unit: 6.5" Chain Drive T/case from front face to rear flange face: 12.5" Chain Drive T/case from front face to front flange face: 3.25" Engine Data: © All Content Copyright 1994-2021 Marlin Crawler, Inc. Fluid Capacity for tranny and dual cases?? This oil must continuously be restocked. 10% OFF $75. The oil recommended is 0-20, I have had nothing but problems with 0-20 and These two are then bolted to a 4wd section. Improves fuel economy. With that said, there are two viscosity types: one for cold temperature performance and the other one for high-temperature performance. http://board.marlincrawler.com/index.php?topic=54940.0, http://board.marlincrawler.com/index.php?topic=35174.0, http://board.marlincrawler.com/index.php?topic=11245.0, http://board.marlincrawler.com/index.php?topic=6533.0. In effect, the oil becomes thinner as its temperature rises and this causes problems in engines that operate across a fairly wide range of temperatures. The dynamic viscosity of single viscosity winter oils is determined at a various cold temperature as established by SAE J300. The higher the viscosity index, the less the change, and generally, higher viscosity indices are preferred. Thicker oils have more resistance to shearing and losing film strength at higher temperatures. SAE established the grading system, which includes a numerical code system. I actually noticed a difference between this oil and regular Mobil synthetic of the same weight. You can properly tackle most issues that are associated with high mileage car engines by buying a special type of motor oil that features the ideal oil viscosity. Fully synthetic automotive gear oil, recommended for vehicles with manual transaxles that combine gearbox and hypoid differentials; eg. In the past, I've always filled through the front shifter until it came out the fill hole on the rear case. It can be built with a 2.28:1 or a 4.70:1 reduction ratio. Gear oils have additives similar to the ones found in engine or motor oils. PARTS REQUIRED Oil Filter With O-Rings Toyota part number 04152-YZZA1 or equivalent Drain Plug Gasket Toyota part number 90430-12031 or equivalent Eng This is so provided the viscosity-increasing effect of the polymer is constant or varies weakly with temperature. 20wt towing ? The best course of action is to switch to a heavier straight weight oil in order to keep the oil thick enough to fill the gaps. Quantity: 1 Bottle. Toyota uses two different reach shift forks, 4.5" and 4.0". A single grade oil does not contain viscosity modifier or polymeric viscosity index improver. It calls for that oilweightMi but I am finding info that that oil won’t be ok to use and I should only go with the Pennzoil 0/40 ULltra oil? Highly refined lubricants will have similarly higher viscosity indices. The small engine maker determines which of the ratings are acceptable to meet their engine protection standards. LX is Toyota and Lexus’s LT … There are also multi-grades, such 75W-90, and 80W-140, which provide you with both winters as well as hot weather oil weights. Started by AtTiLiA Nissan Frontier, Xterra 1998-05 Torque Specifications Repair Guide. Shop AutoZone for 2014 Toyota Camry Engine Oil. The higher the number, the thicker is the oil. The climate of where you live matters when shopping for motor oil. In variable climate zones, drivers who use single viscosity oils generally change to a higher numbered grade for summer driving and a lower numbered grade for winter. Oil Pressure @ Operating Temperature 103 kPa @ 1100 RPM 15 psi min @ 1100 RPM Cylinder Bore Diameter 92.020-92.038 3.6228-3.6235 Out Of Round Maximum 0.010 0.0004 Taper -- Thrust Side Maximum 0.013 0.00051 Center Distance 111.76 4.4 Piston Diameter-gauged at skirt 10.44 mm (0.413 in) below Toyota and Lexus LX fluid. Wondering what fluid to used in your manual transmission? 100 outside air temp? Make sure you use whatever weight of oil the owner’s manual recommends. Toyota Parts. For automotive gear oils, the specification is referred to as SAE J306. Buy online and pick up in store, or get fast, free delivery on qualified orders. The first part of the grade (10W) is the comparable grade of the single viscosity oil that features the oil’s weight at cold temperature. The optimum viscosity at the desired operating temperature is not only known but also consistently attained. If you have a worn out engine and you have been running 30 weight oil or 40 weight oil, then a multi-viscosity oil will not be reliably thick enough to grease the worn out parts of the engine that are wearing down. Hope that helps. Recommended for use in manual transmission where 75W-90 GL-4 or 5 lubricants are recommended. Synthetic Motor Oil Many new Toyota models are certified for a new, zero-weight synthetic lubrication standard, or 0W-20. They ensure that the engine is free of corrosion, clean, and cool. On the other hand, the kinetic viscosity of non-winter grade oils is measured at 212 degrees Fahrenheit in millimeter squared per second. 2014 Toyota Camry Engine Oil; 2014 Toyota Camry Engine Oil. Viscosity for gear oils range from 75 to 250. If your vehicle is running as it should, then there is probably no need to switch to a different brand with a different car oil weight. SAE OIL WEIGHT. A high viscosity index designates a relatively low rate of change of viscosity with temperature, while a low viscosity index designates a relatively high rate of change of viscosity with temperature. All 0w-16w is full synthetic FYI. The engine could be suffering from several problems, including gaps due to worn out parts. If your car is extremely high mileage, it might benefit from an oil that exceeds the manufacturer’s specs for viscosity, such as SAE 5W 30 oil viscosity. Toyota Lexus Scion Special Oil Filter Wrench Large Tool Filter Cap 15620 31060 | eBay This lower viscosity oil pumps better when cold, yet provides uniform lubrication, reduced friction and better overall efficiency than conventional engine oil. Shops that specialize in these engines other than Ford have proven this. It offers long engine life under extreme driving conditions. Therefore, a multi-grade oil that is branded as SAE 10W-30 has to meet the grade prerequisite for both 10W and 30 as required by SAE J300. Camry XV20 (1997-2001) Engine: Capacity: Change Interval: Oil type: Camry 2.2 16V (CAN) SXV20: 3,6 L (Service fill), Filter capacity 0,2 L: 6000 km/ 6 months Numbers you find on different oil cans, such as SAE 30 or SAE 10W-30, are viscosity or weight numbers that indicate the thickness of the oil. Buy online and pick up in store, or get fast, free delivery on qualified orders. Your order may be eligible for Ship to Home, and shipping is free on all online orders of $35.00+. The TrailCreeper shown at the right is ready to bolt onto the front of a top shift style, gear driven Toyota transfer case. ©2021 Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. All information applies to U.S. vehicles only. Since each W grade oil is defined by a maximum viscosity and a maximum border-line pumping temperature, it is possible for an oil to satisfy the needs of more than one W grade. The family also was optimized for minimal friction, and it’s the first time Toyota has begun to switch over to zero-weight (0W-20) motor oils. The viscosity index is normally calculated from measurements at 40 degrees Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit) and 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit). SAE OIL WEIGHT. In other words, SAE 10W-30 has a base rating of 10 when cold. Most of us don't use the oild or Gear oil recommended by Toyota, but we do use the Toyota Filters. Order Motor Oil - Vehicle Specific for your 2005 Toyota Camry and pick it up in store—make your purchase, find a store near you, and get directions. Escort Passport 8500 X50 Review – Radar and Laser Detector, BlueDevil Head Gasket Sealer Reviews: Explore The Truth, Car Jerks When Accelerating: What Does It Mean & Solutions, Fuel injector cleaning necessary & How to do it yourself, How To Use OBD2 Scanner to Read & Understand Its Live Data, Not the ideal choice for gasoline-powered vehicles engineered after 1930, Not the ideal choice for gasoline-powered vehicles engineered after 1951, Not the ideal choice for gasoline-powered vehicles engineered after 1967, Not the ideal choice for gasoline-powered vehicles engineered after 1971, Not the ideal choice for gasoline-powered vehicles engineered after 1979, Not the ideal choice for gasoline-powered vehicles engineered after 1988, Not the ideal choice for gasoline-powered vehicles engineered after 1993, Not the ideal choice for gasoline-powered vehicles engineered after 1996, Suitable for automobile engines built 2001 and older, Suitable for automobile engines built 2010 and older. So, it is wise to check the current BMW oil viscosity chart. Toyota Coolant. Is it ok to use 5W-20 in a car if the owner’s manual calls for 5W-25? Hans. It is designed to offer maximum protection for engines that exceed the 75,000 marks. Motor oil or engine oil is also rated on how well it holds up under severe service conditions in the engine. Polymers expand when heated, so the oil actually maintains its viscosity to the point where it is equal to what a hot SAE 30 oil would be. The variation with temperature of this viscosity-increasing effect is one significant feature of a viscosity index improver. The Ford Triton engine has proven the exact opposite of this statement . The second part of the grade (30) is the grade of the comparable single viscosity oil that defines its viscosity at 212 degrees Fahrenheit. The front reduction section of a dual transfer case can be either a top shift or forward shift style. Here is a table showing the viscosity indices of different types of oils. Is the 0/40 weight oil in the Mobil “European car oil”, work ok for a Dodge 6.2 Hellcat engine? « 1 2 » For many years now the viscosity of lubricating oils for motor vehicles has been specified almost universally by the SAE system. Some folks prefer to use GL-4 oil, same as they use in the transmission, just in case the seal between the two leaks and lets the oils mix. It changes with temperature, shear rate, pressure, and thickness. Although most vehicles in the US are required to use engine oils that meet a particular API service category, there are some automobile makers who need drivers to use motor oils that meet OEM specific performance specifications. Oil Type: Auto Trak II. The decrease of the viscosity of a lubricating oil stock with rising temperatures is relatively much more significant for a heavy oil than for light oil. This is a 10W30 viscosity oil, which is a superior version of the Mobil 1. would never use it in my car. Was introduced into the market in October 2010 to be used for 2011 vehicles and older. A good example is BMW; this manufacturer reviews their oil formulations now and then. Gears must remain separated by a film of oil, even when under heavy loads. The most recommended oils are usually multi-grade oils. There are two types of engine oil, which we discussed earlier in this article: straight weight oil and multi-grade oil. This stops damaging deposits from forming under the high heat. Oil Type: Auto Trak II. But the engine and gear oil viscosity overlap. qts) Dual T-Cases on an '84 G52 Forward Shift Tranny & T-Case? If it is too high, the machine will struggle to pump the oil, resulting in loss of energy. When a viscosity index improver polymer is added to a light oil to increase its viscosity to equal that of heavy oil at a high temperature, the polymer-thickened light oil is considerably more fluid than the un-thickened heavy oil at low temperatures. Toyota has named its new line of internal-combustion power plants "Dynamic Force Engines". It is a synthetic blend that resists thermal breakdown better than conventional motor oils. A lubricant may benefit from having a high viscosity index because of one or more of the below mentioned reasons: Lower, cheaper viscosity index lubricants/oils may be appropriate if: With that said, the viscosity index of motor oil can also tell you valuable info regarding the oil’s formulation, such as the quality and type of base oils. As one gear tooth moves against another, oil is forced from between them. Do you live in a very hot or cold climate? Transfer Case/Drive Line, Login with username, password and session length. One of the factors that affect viscosity is the operating surface. Improved thermal stability. Re: Fluid Capacity for tranny and dual cases?? Jack Harris is a talented and advanced author, blogger, auto expert and senior technical consultant with Autosneed. Depending on the viscosity range at the specified temperature, the oils are branded as SAE viscosity 60, 50, 40, 30, or 20. Parts For Sale, Started by 7Jake Synthetic Motor Oil Many new Toyota models are certified for a new, zero-weight synthetic lubrication standard, or 0W-20. Motor oil viscosity is a common term we need to understand completely, and it refers to the ability of an oil to flow. To bring out the new engines' potential to the fullest, their basic structure was completely rethought using TNGA, and their overall structure and configuration were wholly innovated to achieve high-level driving and environmental performance. To address this particular problem, motor oils are designed to have a high viscosity index. Seals and gaskets are likely to crack, leading to oil leaks. Therefore, it will flow freely at temperatures as low as -20 degrees Fahrenheit. The best course of action is to switch to a heavier straight weight oil in order to keep the oil thick enough to fill the gaps. The best course of action is to switch to a heavier straight weight oil in order to keep the oil thick enough to fill the gaps. The eleven viscosity grades are: 60, 50, 40, 30, 20, 25W. Oil viscosity change with temperature, as shown in the chart above. The different kinds of motor oil in today’s market are manufactured for different purposes. It’s well documented that another popular fluid replacement for the 4Runner transfer case is the easy to find 75w90 GL-5 weight gear oil. I believe Mobil provides all oil to Toyota corporation. Lexus ES, IS, LS 1998-06 ASD Relay Repair Guide. The use of Olympic Marks, Terminology and Imagery is authorized by the U.S. Olympic & Paralympic Committee pursuant to Title 36 U.S. Code Section 220506. Usually, choosing the ideal motor oil weight is a compromise. I suggested 5-30 syn. If your vehicle was originally charged with R12 refrigerant, for example, the oil type specified, 'mineral', will not apply. Invented in 1994 (the "MC01"), Marlin has invested more time and energy than any one else in the world on Toyota dual case setups. Toyota (EU) Hilux Hilux 2.8 D-4D 4WD (2016-2017) Which oil should you use for your Toyota (EU) Hilux Hilux 2.8 D-4D 4WD (2016-2017)? This is highly recommended when your vehicle gets older and starts to run more roughly or burn up oil more quickly. Toyota Celica 4WD, Subaru, Porsche and Alfa Romeo. Model: Toyota RAV4, A2 (2000 – 2006) Engine Types & Engine Oil Capacity Today I am writing about Toyota RAV4 Engine Oil Capacity.Do you know which engine oil type is required for your car’s engine? The higher the number, the thicker the oil and vice versa. Additionally, General Motors issues Bulletin # 02-01-39-004B replacing PAG 150 oil with a lower viscocity oil. For accessories purchased at the time of the new vehicle purchase, the Toyota Accessory Warranty coverage is in effect for 36 months/ 36,000 miles from the vehicle's in-service date, which is the same coverage as the Toyota New Vehicle Limited Warranty.1 For accessories purchased after the new vehicle purchase, the coverage is 12 months, regardless of mileage, …

Wow Orgrimmar Transmog Vendor, El Max Letra, Msi Gl63 Keyboard Replacement, Travelstar Ecopath Mt Reviews, Pitbull Price In Pakistan, Gender Change Dream, Billie Eilish Tiktok Look-alike, Fender Rhodes Mark 1 Stage Piano, Bulk Buy Hot Dog Buns, 2007 Dodge Ram 3500 Tailgate, Ocean's 12 Review, Ika Sansai Salad Recipe,

Published inPHILOSOPHICAL DISCOURSES